Silicon carbide ceramic ʻenehana a me kāna noi ma ke kahua photovoltaic

I. Silicon carbide hale a me nā waiwai

Loaʻa ka silikoni carbide SiC i ke kinikona a me ke kalapona. ʻO ia kahi pūhui polymorphic maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi me α-SiC (ʻano kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe) a me β-SiC (ʻano kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa). ʻOi aku ma mua o 200 polymorphs, ma waena o 3C-SiC o β-SiC a me 2H-SiC, 4H-SiC, 6H-SiC, a me 15R-SiC o α-SiC ʻoi aku ka ʻike.

Kiʻi SiC polymorph structure Ke emi ka mahana ma lalo o 1600 ℃, aia ka SiC ma ke ʻano o β-SiC, hiki ke hana ʻia mai kahi hui maʻalahi o ke kilika a me ke kalapona ma kahi mahana o 1450 ℃. Ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o 1600 ℃, hoʻololi mālie ʻo β-SiC i nā polymorphs like ʻole o α-SiC. He maʻalahi ka 4H-SiC e hana ma kahi o 2000 ℃; He maʻalahi nā polytypes 6H a me 15R i nā wela kiʻekiʻe ma luna o 2100 ℃; Hiki i ka 6H-SiC ke noho paʻa loa i nā mahana ma luna o 2200 ℃, no laila ʻoi aku ka maʻamau i nā noi ʻoihana. ʻO ka carbide silika maʻemaʻe he aniani kala ʻole a ʻalohilohi. ʻAʻole waihoʻoluʻu ke kalapona silika ʻoihana, melemele māmā, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele, uliuli māmā, uliuli ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi, me ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike. Hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻoihana abrasive i ʻelua mau ʻāpana e like me ke kala: ʻeleʻele silicon carbide a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo silicon carbide. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele a hiki i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻo ka polū māmā a hiki i ka ʻeleʻele ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia he carbide silicon ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka carbide silicon ʻeleʻele a me ka carbide silicon ʻōmaʻomaʻo he mau kristal hexagonal α-SiC. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hoʻohana nā silicon carbide ceramics i ka pauka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo e like me nā mea maka.

2. Silicon carbide ceramic kaʻina hoʻomākaukau

Hana ʻia ka silikon carbide ceramic ma ka ʻohi ʻana, ka wili ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea waiwai silicon carbide no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻāpana SiC me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka nui o ka nui, a laila kaomi i nā ʻāpana SiC, nā mea hoʻohui a me nā mea hoʻopili manawaleʻa i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a laila sintering i ke kiʻekiʻe wela. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka covalent bond hiʻona o Si-C bonds (~ 88%) a me ka haʻahaʻa diffusion coefficient, ʻo kekahi o nā pilikia nui i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka sintering densification. ʻO nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau o ka silicon carbide ceramics kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka sintering reaction, pressureless sintering, atmospheric pressure sintering, hot pressing sintering, recrystallization sintering, hot isostatic pressing sintering, spark plasma sintering, etc.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā seramika silicon carbide o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka brittleness. No kēia kumu, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ʻike ʻia nā seramika multiphase e pili ana i ka silicon carbide ceramics, e like me ka fiber (a i ʻole whisker) hoʻoikaika, heterogeneous particle dispersion strengthening a me gradient functional material i ʻike ʻia kekahi ma hope o kekahi, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka paʻakikī a me ka ikaika o nā mea monomer.

3. Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ceramics silicon carbide ma ke kahua photovoltaic

ʻO ka silikon carbide ceramics he kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka corrosion, hiki ke pale aku i ka erosion o nā mea kemika, hoʻonui i ke ola lawelawe, a ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu i nā kinikona pōʻino, e kū ana i nā koi palekana kaiapuni. I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai o nā kākoʻo moku carbide silika. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai o nā mea silicon carbide ponoʻī, hiki i ko lākou kūpaʻa a me ke kūpaʻa ke hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai hana a me ke alapine hoʻololi. I ka wā lōʻihi, loaʻa iā lākou nā pōmaikaʻi hoʻokele waiwai kiʻekiʻe a ua lilo i mau huahana koʻikoʻi i ka mākeke kākoʻo moku kiʻi kiʻi.

Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka silicon carbide ceramics e like me nā mea lawe kī nui i ke kaʻina hana o nā cell photovoltaic, kākoʻo ka moku, pahu pahu, paipu paipu a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe i hana maikaʻi ʻia ka thermal stability, ʻaʻole deformed i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, a ʻaʻohe pollutants precipitated pōʻino. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i nā kākoʻo waʻa quartz i hoʻohana mau ʻia i kēia manawa, nā pahu waʻa, a me nā pono paipu, a loaʻa iā lākou nā kumukūʻai nui. Hana ʻia nā kākoʻo waʻa silicon carbide me ka mea nui. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kākoʻo waʻa quartz maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa wela o nā kākoʻo silicon carbide a hiki ke mālama i ke kūpaʻa i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe. Hana maikaʻi nā kākoʻo waʻa Silicon carbide i nā kaiapuni kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻole maʻalahi i ka wela a me ka deformed a i ʻole ka pōʻino. Ua kūpono lākou no nā kaʻina hana e koi ai i ka mālama wela kiʻekiʻe, kahi kūpono i ka mālama ʻana i ke kūpaʻa a me ke kūpaʻa o ke kaʻina hana.

ʻO ke ola lawelawe: E like me ka ʻikepili hōʻike hōʻike: ʻO ke ola lawelawe o ka silicon carbide ceramics ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau manawa o nā kākoʻo waʻa, pahu pahu, a me nā paipu paipu i hana ʻia i nā mea quartz, e hōʻemi nui ana i ke alapine o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea pau.